DocMuse is a private, paid service run by The Muse Technology EOOD (Bulgaria). It is not a government website and is not connected with nidirect, the Northern Ireland Courts and Tribunals Service or any other public body. It is not a law firm and is not regulated by the Law Society of Northern Ireland or any other legal regulator; its documents are not legal advice.
Letter before a small claim to a business that will not refund or pay you (Northern Ireland)
Northern Ireland · in English · for consumers
€2.00Fill it in online free — pay only to download
11 questions · about 5 min
Made for use in Northern Ireland
Fill in the form
Your answers stay on this device for 7 days, or until you clear them.
- Instant download after payment
- Backup link emailed to you
- No account needed
For a consumer in Northern Ireland whose complaint to a trader has got nowhere — a refund refused, a deposit kept, money owed for faulty goods or poor work. The letter sets out the claim and the amount, lists your documents, gives 14 days to pay or reply, and says that otherwise you will make a small claim in the county court, which hears claims of up to £5,000 and can be started online. Northern Ireland has no pre-action practice direction like England's, but the letter shows the court that you tried to settle first. Send it by email and by recorded delivery (Royal Mail Signed For).
- Made for use in Northern Ireland
- Last updated October 29, 2026
- Document in English
Where a UK document reproduces the words of legislation or of a government publication — UK, Scottish or Northern Irish — it contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
Published byDocMuse
When to use this document
- A business in Northern Ireland refuses to refund you and your complaints have gone nowhere.
- The trader kept your deposit although the job was never done.
- You are ready to take a firm to the small claims court and want to write to it first.
- You want a final letter before a small claim to send to a company.
What you fill in
The details the document asks for.
- Sender
- Sender's address
- Town or city
- Sender's postcode
- Date
- Trader
- Trader's postal address
- What the dispute is about
- Amount claimed
- Attachments
- Bank account
Common questions
- Does Northern Ireland require a letter before a small claim against a business?
- No rule like England's Practice Direction on Pre-Action Conduct applies in Northern Ireland, but writing first is still the sensible step. A clear letter setting out what happened, the amount, your documents and a reasonable time to reply, such as 14 days, gives the trader a last chance, shows the court that you tried to settle before claiming, and often ends the dispute without a claim.
- How do you start a small claim in Northern Ireland, and up to what amount?
- Claims of up to £5,000 are small claims in the county court, heard informally by a district judge; older guides that say £3,000 are out of date. You apply online through Small Claims Online on nidirect or at a court office, and pay a fee from the county court fee schedule. Some claims, such as personal injury, are excluded, and a business elsewhere in the UK can still be claimed against.
- Who helps for free, and what if the trader still does not pay after the court decides?
- Consumerline, the Trading Standards Service's helpline for Northern Ireland, gives free advice before you claim, and many sectors have a free ombudsman or dispute scheme. If you win and the trader does not pay, the Enforcement of Judgments Office enforces the judgment on your application, for a fee; nothing happens until you apply.
How you can sign this document
- Print it and sign by hand. The signature lines in the document are left blank on purpose — sign on them in ink.
- Sign it yourself with a qualified electronic signature. If you already hold a QES — Evrotrust, B-Trust, StampIT, ZealiD or any qualified provider on the EU Trusted List, on a card, a USB token, in a mobile app or in the cloud — our signing guide explains step by step how to sign this exact file without invalidating it. Step-by-step help, and a way to check it worked
DocMuse sells documents, not legal advice. Acceptance always depends on the recipient's rules and your local law.
Related documents
- Complaint about a package holiday that was not as booked (Northern Ireland)
For a traveller in Northern Ireland whose package holiday — flights and hotel, or other travel services sold together — was not as booked: a different or poor hotel, missing services, a changed itinerary. Under the Package Travel and Linked Travel Arrangements Regulations 2018 the organiser is responsible for every part of the package and owes a price reduction and compensation for what went wrong. The letter claims them and is your final letter before a small claim in the county court, with 14 days to reply. Send it to the organiser by email and by recorded delivery (Royal Mail Signed For).
- Complaint about an order that never arrived (Northern Ireland)
For a consumer in Northern Ireland whose order from an online or high-street trader has not arrived. Under section 28 of the Consumer Rights Act 2015 the trader must deliver within the agreed time or, if none was agreed, within 30 days, and the goods stay at its risk until you have them (section 29), so a parcel lost in transit is its problem. The letter gives a final 14 days to deliver, after which the contract ends, a full refund is due and you may make a small claim for it in the county court. Send it by email and by recorded delivery (Royal Mail Signed For).
- Faulty goods: reject them for a refund, or ask for a repair or replacement (Northern Ireland)
For a consumer in Northern Ireland whose goods from a business turn out faulty, not as described or unfit for their purpose. Within 30 days you can reject them for a full refund; after that, you ask for one repair or replacement first (Consumer Rights Act 2015, sections 9 to 23). The letter states the fault and your choice, and is your final letter before a claim: the trader has 14 days to reply before you make a small claim in the county court, which hears claims of up to £5,000. Send it to the retailer, not the manufacturer, by email and by recorded delivery (Royal Mail Signed For).
- Complaint about poor work by a builder, garage or other trader (Northern Ireland)
For a consumer in Northern Ireland whose builder, decorator, garage, repairer or other service provider did the work badly or not as agreed. Under the Consumer Rights Act 2015 a trader must perform a service with reasonable care and skill; the letter asks for the work to be put right at the trader's cost or, where that is not possible, for a price reduction (sections 49, 55 and 56), and is your final letter before a small claim in the county court, with 14 days to reply. Send it by email and by recorded delivery (Royal Mail Signed For), with photos.
- Final right to reject or price reduction after a failed repair or replacement (Northern Ireland)
For a consumer in Northern Ireland whose faulty goods were repaired or replaced once and are still faulty, or whom the trader did not repair or replace within a reasonable time. The letter uses the final right to reject for a refund, or keeps the goods and asks for a price reduction (section 24 of the Consumer Rights Act 2015), and is your final letter before a claim, with 14 days to reply before a small claim in the county court (up to £5,000). Send it to the retailer by email and by recorded delivery (Royal Mail Signed For), with a copy of the earlier correspondence.
- Complaint to your energy supplier about bills or meters (Northern Ireland)
For a household customer in Northern Ireland with a problem with their electricity or gas supplier: a wrong or estimated bill, a catch-up bill for energy used more than 13 months ago, a meter fault or poor service. The letter is the formal complaint the supplier must deal with under its complaints procedure; if it is not resolved, the Consumer Council for Northern Ireland takes energy complaints free, and publishes its own free letter for a disputed bill. Send it by email or first class post, and keep the date.