Acknowledgement of debt (Spain)
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For someone in Spain who owes money to a private person or a company and acknowledges it in writing, or for the lender who wants that paper signed. The debtor, identified by their DNI or NIE, acknowledges the amount in words and figures and where it comes from, and undertakes to pay it in one sum, by bank transfer, by a set date. The acknowledgement interrupts limitation, and the five-year period starts again (articles 1964 and 1973 of the Spanish Civil Code). The debtor signs it and hands the original to the creditor. In Spanish.
- Made for use in Spain
- Last updated October 20, 2026
Published byDocMuse
When to use this document
- You owe money to a friend in Spain and want to acknowledge it in writing with a date to pay.
- Someone in Spain owes you money and you want them to sign a paper saying so.
- The debt is old and you want the debtor to confirm it with a signature before more time passes.
- You are looking for an acknowledgement of debt for Spain, to be paid in one go.
What you fill in
The details the document asks for.
- Debtor
- Debtor's DNI or NIE (Spanish identity number)
- Debtor's address
- Creditor
- Creditor's DNI or NIE (or a company's NIF)
- Creditor's address
- Amount of the debt in words
- Amount of the debt (figures)
- Where the debt comes from (loan, invoice, purchase…)
- Payment deadline
- Creditor's bank account (IBAN)
- Additional terms
- City
- Date
Common questions
- What is a signed acknowledgement of debt used for in Spain?
- It proves that the debt exists, how much it is and where it comes from, under the debtor's own signature. It also interrupts limitation: the five-year period to claim it starts again from the signature (articles 1964.2 and 1973 of the Civil Code). If payment does not follow, it is a document signed by the debtor on which the payment order procedure (proceso monitorio, article 812 of the Spanish Civil Procedure Act) can be based, after the attempt to negotiate that Organic Law 1/2025 requires.
- Does an acknowledgement of debt in Spain have to be signed before a notary?
- No. Signed by the debtor as a private document, it binds and serves as proof, and no handwritten statement of the amount is needed. An acknowledgement before a notary, in a public deed, is a different act: the deed is an enforceable title (article 517 of the Spanish Civil Procedure Act) and allows enforcement without a prior trial, at the cost of the notary's official fee. If the other side denies the signature on the private document, it will have to be proved.
- What should the creditor in Spain do with the signed acknowledgement?
- Keep the original, and check that the name and the DNI or NIE match the signer's identity document and that the amount in words matches the figures. If the debt will be paid in instalments, the right document is the acknowledgement with a payment plan, signed by both parties. Once everything is paid, the creditor hands over a receipt in full settlement (carta de pago), which closes the debt.
How you can sign this document
- Print it and sign by hand. The signature lines in the document are left blank on purpose — sign on them in ink.
- Sign it yourself with a qualified electronic signature. If you already hold a QES — Evrotrust, B-Trust, StampIT, ZealiD or any qualified provider on the EU Trusted List, on a card, a USB token, in a mobile app or in the cloud — our signing guide explains step by step how to sign this exact file without invalidating it. Step-by-step help, and a way to check it worked
DocMuse sells documents, not legal advice. Acceptance always depends on the recipient's rules and your local law.
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